{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "edition": "e01/s00",
  "evidenceCutoff": "2026-09-22",
  "geography": "Sri Lanka",
  "observationIdentity": "observation_id is unique; different source vintages are distinct observations. Missing values are not encoded as zero.",
  "units": {
    "thousand_metric_tonnes": "1,000 metric tonnes; divide by 1,000 for million tonnes.",
    "LKR_million": "1,000,000 Sri Lankan rupees, nominal.",
    "LKR_per_metric_tonne": "Sri Lankan rupees per 1,000 kg, nominal; do not relabel as a 50 kg retail bag price.",
    "LKR_million_at_2015_prices": "DCS real gross value added valued at fixed 2015 prices; no additional deflation applied.",
    "percent": "Percentage, with the denominator and comparison period specified by each metric.",
    "diffusion_index": "0–100 diffusion index; not a percentage growth rate.",
    "LKR": "Sri Lankan rupees, nominal. Tokyo annual group statements are in whole rupees.",
    "LKR_thousand": "1,000 Sri Lankan rupees, nominal. Tokyo interim group statements are in thousands; divide by 1,000 for LKR million.",
    "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified": "Consult the observation unit: annual source uses LKR and interim source uses LKR_thousand. Never treat the two scales as interchangeable."
  },
  "metrics": {
    "cement_local_production": {
      "unit": "thousand_metric_tonnes",
      "definition": "Cement produced or ground in Sri Lanka. Imported clinker may be embodied in local production.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_direct_imports": {
      "unit": "thousand_metric_tonnes",
      "definition": "Cement imports as labelled by CBSL. Kept separate from local output; no clinker-import series is available here.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_import_value": {
      "unit": "LKR_million",
      "definition": "Nominal value of cement imports reported in ESS. Not industry revenue or market value.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement imports"
    },
    "cement_import_cif_unit_value": {
      "unit": "LKR_per_metric_tonne",
      "definition": "Nominal CIF import unit value. Shipment/product mix can change. Not an ex-factory or retail selling price.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement imports"
    },
    "cement_annual_average_exfactory_price": {
      "unit": "LKR_per_metric_tonne",
      "definition": "Nominal annual-average ex-factory cement price. Not the current retail bag price; no quality adjustment or deflator applied.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_reported_total": {
      "unit": "thousand_metric_tonnes",
      "definition": "CBSL-reported local production plus direct imports. Availability proxy; exports and stock movements are not observed.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_local_production_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Source-reported year-on-year local production growth; may use unrounded underlying inputs.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_direct_imports_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Source-reported year-on-year direct cement import growth; may use unrounded underlying inputs.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "cement_total_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Source-reported year-on-year total cement availability growth; may use unrounded underlying inputs.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka cement"
    },
    "construction_real_gva": {
      "unit": "LKR_million_at_2015_prices",
      "definition": "Construction gross value added at constant 2015 prices under DCS national accounts. No researcher-applied deflation.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka construction"
    },
    "construction_real_gva_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Year-on-year growth in construction gross value added at constant 2015 prices, reported by DCS.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka construction"
    },
    "construction_share_real_gdp": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Construction share of aggregate GDP at constant 2015 prices.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka construction"
    },
    "mining_quarrying_real_gva_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Year-on-year growth in mining and quarrying value added at constant 2015 prices.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka mining and quarrying"
    },
    "nonmetallic_minerals_real_gva_yoy": {
      "unit": "percent",
      "definition": "Year-on-year growth in manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products at constant 2015 prices; broader than cement.",
      "scope": "Sri Lanka other non-metallic mineral manufacturing"
    },
    "construction_pmi_activity": {
      "unit": "diffusion_index",
      "definition": "Construction Total Activity Index: month-on-month balance, 50 neutral.",
      "scope": "CIDA highest-graded local contractors, about 35 responses"
    },
    "construction_pmi_orders": {
      "unit": "diffusion_index",
      "definition": "New Orders Index: month-on-month balance, 50 neutral.",
      "scope": "CIDA highest-graded local contractors, about 35 responses"
    },
    "construction_pmi_employment": {
      "unit": "diffusion_index",
      "definition": "Employment Index: month-on-month balance, 50 neutral.",
      "scope": "CIDA highest-graded local contractors, about 35 responses"
    },
    "construction_pmi_purchases": {
      "unit": "diffusion_index",
      "definition": "Quantity of Purchases Index: month-on-month balance, 50 neutral.",
      "scope": "CIDA highest-graded local contractors, about 35 responses"
    },
    "construction_pmi_delivery_time": {
      "unit": "diffusion_index",
      "definition": "Suppliers Delivery Time Index: above 50 means lengthening; do not interpret as faster delivery.",
      "scope": "CIDA highest-graded local contractors, about 35 responses"
    },
    "tokyo_group_revenue": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Revenue of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_cost_of_sales": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Cost of sales of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_gross_profit": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Gross profit of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_operating_profit": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Operating profit of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_finance_cost": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Finance cost of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_pretax_profit": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Pretax profit of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_tax_expense": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Tax expense of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_profit_after_tax": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Profit after tax of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_operating_cashflow": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Operating cashflow of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    },
    "tokyo_group_cash_generated_operations": {
      "unit": "LKR_or_LKR_thousand_as_identified",
      "definition": "Cash generated operations of Tokyo Cement Group, using the same issuer and reporting perimeter for each paired comparison. Annual values are LKR; quarterly values LKR thousand.",
      "scope": "Tokyo Cement Company (Lanka) PLC Group; cement, value-added products, ready-mix, aggregates and power"
    }
  },
  "derivedMeasures": {
    "supply": "local production + direct cement imports, same source/year; no stock/export adjustment. Not final consumption.",
    "domesticProductionShare": "100*local production/(local production + direct imports). Not clinker origin, operator share or self-sufficiency.",
    "changeContribution": "Absolute component change, or component change divided by the same baseline total. Descriptive accounting identity, not causal attribution.",
    "nominalPriceComparison": "Separate growth/index paths for CIF unit value and annual ex-factory price. Differences cannot identify company margins.",
    "recoveryShare": "100*(2025 supply−2023 supply)/(2019 supply−2023 supply); share of the 2019-to-2023 loss recovered by 2025.",
    "companyMargins": "100*specified group profit line/group revenue, within the same report and period; a net margin is not EBITDA or operating margin.",
    "companyTaxBridge": "Change in group profit after tax = change in group profit before tax − change in income-tax expense. An accounting identity, not an explanation for the tax change.",
    "companyGrowth": "Annual and three-month group year-on-year changes computed separately, using the same source unit in each pair. Annual and quarterly growth rates are not spliced into one series."
  },
  "rounding": "CSV retains source numeric precision. Calculations use Decimal on these textual inputs; figures convert only at plotting. Display tonnes to three decimals in millions and percentage changes to one or two decimals as appropriate. MEI published growth can differ from growth on rounded quantities.",
  "rights": "Attributed factual extracts and original calculations; source documents retain original copyright. No blanket licence is asserted for source material."
}